The first step to build a proper wine cellar is to ensure that its walls are well insulated and humidity resistant.

The framing need not be complicated. Standard 2×4 and 2×6 framing is sufficient for interior cellars. Because concrete and exterior walls are vulnerable to larger changes in temperature and humidity, it is recommended that you also employ standard framing against any exterior wall to provide an additional layer of protection to your cellar.

In addition to standard framing, a wine cellar also needs an effective vapor barrier. Not only does a vapor barrier keep out unwanted moisture, but it also keeps the cellar from losing necessary moisture. Plan to install a vapor barrier that wraps not only the walls, but the ceiling and floor as well.

Once the vapor barrier is in place, the walls and ceiling can be insulated. At a minimum, interior walls require R13 insulation and exterior walls require R19 insulation. Your cellar’s ceiling requires a minimum of R19 if interior. However, if the ceiling is exposed to the elements, such as direct sunlight or strong winds, R-30 is required.

To complete the walls, we recommend you cover them with moisture resistant sheet-rock (1/2″ – 3/4″ thick). All joints must be taped, sealed and sanded and any existing exterior windows and HVAC vents in the cellar must be insulated and covered.

Once you specify sufficiently insulated walls, it’s time to turn your attention to your cellar’s cooling unit.

Cooling Units
Interior Finishes and Materials
Lighting
Cellar Doors